The Book of Purification
كتاب الطهارة
Read the English translation first, with the original Arabic directly underneath.
Hadith
Narrated Ibn ‘Abbas (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Satan comes to one of you in Salat and blows air in his bottom, so he imagines that he has realised air yet he did not. So if he gets that feeling he should not leave his prayer unless he hears the sound (of the air) or smells its odour.” [Reported by Al-Bazzar].
وَعَنِ اِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا; أَنَّ رَسُولَ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -قَالَ: { يَأْتِي أَحَدَكُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ, فَيَنْفُخُ فِي مَقْعَدَتِهِ فَيُخَيَّلُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ أَحْدَثَ, وَلَمْ يُحْدِثْ, فَإِذَا وَجَدَ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَنْصَرِفُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ صَوْتًا أَوْ يَجِدَ رِيحًا } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْبَزَّار ُ [1] .
It is originally from the Sahihain of Bukhari and Muslim as the Hadith narrated by ‘Abdullah bin Zaid.
وَأَصْلُهُ فِي اَلصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ اَللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْد ٍ [1] .
And Muslim reported by Abu Huraira likewise.
وَلِمُسْلِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ نَحْوُهُ.
And Abu Sa’id narrated in Marfu’ Hadith:
“If Satan comes to one of you and says: ‘You have nullified your ablution (by releasing air)’, let him say: ‘You have lied.” [Reported by Al-Hakim].
وَلِلْحَاكِمِ. عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ مَرْفُوعًا: { إِذَا جَاءَ أَحَدَكُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ, فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ أَحْدَثْتَ, فَلْيَقُلْ: كَذَبْتَ }
Ibn Hibban also reported the above Hadith with the version:
“Let him say in his heart...”
وَأَخْرَجَهُ اِبْنُ حِبَّانَ بِلَفْظِ: { فَلْيَقُلْ فِي نَفْسِهِ } [1] .
Narrated Anas bin Malik (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to remove his ring when entering the lavatory. [Reported by Al-Arba’a and it is defective].
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ: { كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -إِذَا دَخَلَ اَلْخَلَاءَ وَضَعَ خَاتَمَهُ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلْأَرْبَعَةُ, وَهُوَ مَعْلُول ٌ [1] .
Narrated Anas (rad):
The Prophet (ﷺ) on entering the lavatory used to say: [Allahumma inni a’udhu bika minal khubthi wal khaba’ithi] “O Allah, I seek refuge with You from devils – males and females (or all offensive and wicked things, evil deeds and evil spirits, etc.)” [Reported by As-Sab’a]
اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ اَلْخُبُثِ وَالْخَبَائِثِ
Narrated Anas (rad):
Whenever Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) went to the privy, a servant and I used to carry a skin water container and a spear, and he would cleanse himself with the water. [Agreed upon].
وَعَنْهُ قَالَ: { كَانَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -يَدْخُلُ اَلْخَلَاءَ, فَأَحْمِلُ أَنَا وَغُلَامٌ نَحْوِي إِدَاوَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ وَعَنَزَةً, فَيَسْتَنْجِي بِالْمَاءِ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْه ِ [1] .
And Ashab As-Sunan (compilers of the prophet’s sayings) reported that one of the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ) took bath from a vessel, then came the Prophet (ﷺ) and when he wanted to take bath from that (vessel), she said, “I was sexually impure”. He said, “Water does not become sexually impure”. [At-Tirmidhi and Ibn huzaima graded it Sahih (sound)].
وَلِأَصْحَابِ "اَلسُّنَنِ": { اِغْتَسَلَ بَعْضُ أَزْوَاجِ اَلنَّبِيِّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -فِي جَفْنَةٍ, فَجَاءَ لِيَغْتَسِلَ مِنْهَا, فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: إِنِّي كُنْتُ جُنُبًا, فَقَالَ: "إِنَّ اَلْمَاءَ لَا يُجْنِبُ" } وَصَحَّحَهُ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَابْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ [1] .
Narrated Al-Mughira bin Shu’ba (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) told me, “Take the skin water”, he then went forward till he disappeared from me and relieved himself [Agreed upon]
خُذِ اَلْإِدَاوَةَ
Narrated Abu Huraira (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Safeguard yourselves from the two matters which cause accursing that befalls the one who relieves himself on people’s path-ways and under the shades.” [Reported by Muslim].
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -{ اِتَّقُوا اَللَّاعِنِينَ: اَلَّذِي يَتَخَلَّى فِي طَرِيقِ اَلنَّاسِ, أَوْ فِي ظِلِّهِمْ } رَوَاهُ مُسْلِم ٌ [1] .
Narrated Mu’adh (rad):
He said: “Guard against the three things which cause curse (i.e.) defecating at the watering places, on the roadbeds and in the shades.” [Reported by Abu Dawud]
زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ, عَنْ مُعَاذٍ: { وَالْمَوَارِدَ } [1] .
Ahmad reported from Ibn Abbas (rad) that defecation is prohibited also at the place where water collects. [And both the two (i.e. the previous and this Hadiths) have weakness].
وَلِأَحْمَدَ; عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: { أَوْ نَقْعِ مَاءٍ } وَفِيهِمَا ضَعْف ٌ [1] .
At-Tabarani also narrated on the authority of Ibn ‘Umar (with a weak chain of narrators), the prohibition of relieving oneself under fruit trees and beside the bank of a flowing river.
وَأَخْرَجَ اَلطَّبَرَانِيُّ اَلنَّهْيَ عَن ْ [1] تَحْتِ اَلْأَشْجَارِ اَلْمُثْمِرَةِ, وَضَفَّةِ اَلنَّهْرِ الْجَارِي. مِنْ حَدِيثِ اِبْنِ عُمَرَ بِسَنَدٍ ضَعِيف ٍ [2] .
Narrated Jabir (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “When two people go together to relieve themselves they should disappear from each other and do not talk, for Allah detests that”. [Reported by Ahmad; Ibn As-Sakan and Ibn Al-Qattan graded it Sahih (sound) but it is defective].
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -{ إِذَا تَغَوَّطَ اَلرَّجُلَانِ فَلْيَتَوَارَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَنْ صَاحِبِهِ, وَلَا يَتَحَدَّثَا. فَإِنَّ اَللَّهَ يَمْقُتُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ } رَوَاهُ . [1] وَصَحَّحَهُ اِبْنُ اَلسَّكَنِ, وَابْنُ اَلْقَطَّانِ, وَهُوَ مَعْلُول ٌ [2] .
Narrated Abu Qatada (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: “Nobody should touch his pennies with his right hand when urinating, and should not clean himself (from defecation or urine) using his right hand and should not breathe in the utensil (he is drinking from).” [Agreed upon. This version is of Muslim].
وَعَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اَللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -{ لَا يُمْسِكَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ ذَكَرَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ, وَهُوَ يَبُولُ, وَلَا يَتَمَسَّحْ مِنْ اَلْخَلَاءِ بِيَمِينِهِ, وَلَا يَتَنَفَّسْ فِي اَلْإِنَاءِ } مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ, وَاللَّفْظُ لِمُسْلِم ٍ [1] .
Narrated Salman (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) forbade us to face the Qiblah when defecating or urinating, or to clean ourselves using the right hand, or to clean ourselves with less than three stones, or to clean ourselves with dung or a bone [Reported by Muslim].
أَنْ نَسْتَقْبِلَ اَلْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ أَوْ بَوْلٍ, أَوْ أَنْ نَسْتَنْجِيَ بِالْيَمِينِ, أَوْ أَنْ نَسْتَنْجِيَ بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْجَارٍ, أَوْ أَنْ نَسْتَنْجِيَ بِرَجِيعٍ أَوْ عَظْمٍ
Narrated Abu Ayub (rad):
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) “Neither face nor turn your back to the Qiblah while defecating or urinating, but turn towards the east or the west”. [Reported by the As-Sab’a]
وَلِلسَّبْعَةِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ - رضى الله عنه - { لَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا اَلْقِبْلَةَ بِغَائِطٍ وَلَا بَوْلٍ, وَلَكِنْ شَرِّقُوا أَوْ غَرِّبُوا } [1] .
Narrated ‘Aisha (rad):
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “If anyone goes to relive himself, he should conceal himself”. [Reported by Abu Da’ud].
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اَللَّهُ عَنْهَا; أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -قَالَ: { مَنْ أَتَى اَلْغَائِطَ فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ } رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد َ [1] .