Establishing the Prayer and the Sunnah Regarding Them
كتاب إقامة الصلاة والسنة فيها
Read the English translation first, with the original Arabic directly underneath.
Hadith
It was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amir bin Rabi’ah that his father said:
“We were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on a journey, and the sky was overcast so it was difficult for us to determine the Qiblah. So we performed prayer, and we marked the location.* Later, when the sun reappeared, we realized that we had prayed facing a direction other than the Qiblah. We mentioned that to the Prophet (ﷺ), then the Words were revealed: ‘So wherever you turn there is the Face of Allah.’” [2:115]
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَكِيمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَشْعَثُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ السَّمَّانُ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فِي سَفَرٍ فَتَغَيَّمَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَأَشْكَلَتْ عَلَيْنَا الْقِبْلَةُ فَصَلَّيْنَا وَأَعْلَمْنَا فَلَمَّا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ إِذَا نَحْنُ قَدْ صَلَّيْنَا لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {فَأَيْنَمَا تُوَلُّوا فَثَمَّ وَجْهُ اللَّهِ} .
It was narrated that Tariq bin ‘Abdullah Al-Muharibi said:
“The Prophet (ﷺ) said: ‘When you perform prayer, do not spit in front of you or to your right, but spit to your left or beneath your feet.’”
إِذَا صَلَّيْتَ فَلاَ تَبْزُقَنَّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ، وَلاَ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ، وَلَكِنِ ابْزُقْ عَنْ يَسَارِكَ، أَوْ تَحْتَ قَدَمِكَ
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saw some sputum in the direction of the Qiblah of the mosque. He turned to the people and said:
“What is wrong with one of you that he stands facing Him (meaning his Lord) and spits in front of Him? Would anyone like to be faced by someone who spits in his face? If anyone of you needs to spit, then let him spit to his left, or let him do like this in his garment.” Then Ismail (Abu Bakr bin Abu Shuaibah) showed me how he spat in his garment then rubbed it.
مَا بَالُ أَحَدِكُمْ يَقُومُ مُسْتَقْبِلَهُ - يَعْنِي رَبَّهُ - فَيَتَنَخَّعُ أَمَامَهُ أَيُحِبُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يُسْتَقْبَلَ فَيُتَنَخَّعَ فِي وَجْهِهِ إِذَا بَزَقَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَبْزُقَنَّ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ أَوْ لِيَقُلْ هَكَذَا فِي ثَوْبِهِ
It was narrated from Hudhaifah that he saw Shabath bin Rib’i spitting in front of him. He said:
“O Shabath! Do not spit in front of you, for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to forbid that, and he said: ‘When a man stands up to perform prayer, Allah turns His Face towards him until he turns away or he commits an evil Hadath.’”* * In Injah Al-Hajah, 'Abdul-Ghani Dehlawi said: "Meaning he does a matter that negates the Khushu'(submissiveness) and attentiveness of his prayer. Or, the meaning of Hadath is invalidating the ablution. The only reason that he described it as 'evil' is because in most cases, its occurrence during prayer is from Shaitan."
إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا قَامَ يُصَلِّي أَقْبَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِوَجْهِهِ حَتَّى يَنْقَلِبَ أَوْ يُحْدِثَ حَدَثَ سُوءٍ
It was narrated from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) spat on his garment while he was performing prayer, then he rubbed it.
حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَخْزَمَ، وَعَبْدَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ بَزَقَ فِي ثَوْبِهِ وَهُوَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ ثُمَّ دَلَكَهُ .
It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever smoothes the pebbles, then he has engaged in Laghw.”* *Meaning he has done what is not suitable.
مَنْ مَسَّ الْحَصَى فَقَدْ لَغَا
It was narrated that Mu’aiqib said:
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, concerning smoothing the pebbles during prayer: ‘If you must do that, then do it only once.’”
إِنْ كُنْتَ فَاعِلاً فَمَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً
It was narrated that Abu Dharr said:
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘When anyone of you gets up to perform prayer, then indeed mercy is facing him, so he should not smooth the pebbles.’”
إِذَا قَامَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ فَإِنَّ الرَّحْمَةَ تُوَاجِهُهُ فَلاَ يَمْسَحِ الْحَصَى
Maimunah the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ) said:
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to perform prayer on a Khumrah.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ، عَنِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ، حَدَّثَتْنِي مَيْمُونَةُ، زَوْجُ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يُصَلِّي عَلَى الْخُمْرَةِ .
It was narrated that Abu Sa’eed said:
“The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) performed prayer on a reed mat.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ عَلَى حَصِيرٍ .
It was narrated that ‘Amr bin Dinar said:
“When Ibn ‘Abbas was in Basrah, he performed prayer on his rug, then he told his companions that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to perform prayer on his rug.”
حَدَّثَنَا حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي زَمْعَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، قَالَ صَلَّى ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ بِالْبَصْرَةِ عَلَى بِسَاطِهِ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ أَصْحَابَهُ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ كَانَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى بِسَاطِهِ .
It was narrated that ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdur-Rahman said:
“The Prophet (ﷺ) came to us and led us in prayer in the mosque of Banu ‘Abdul- Ashhal, and I saw him putting his hands on his garment when he prostrated.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ جَاءَنَا النَّبِيُّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فَصَلَّى بِنَا فِي مَسْجِدِ بَنِي عَبْدِ الأَشْهَلِ فَرَأَيْتُهُ وَاضِعًا يَدَيْهِ عَلَى ثَوْبِهِ إِذَا سَجَدَ .
It was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Thabit bin Samit, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) performed prayer among Banu ‘Abdul-Ashhal, wearing a cloak in which he was wrapped and putting his hands on it to protect them from the cold of the pebbles.
حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُسَافِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الأَشْهَلِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ صَلَّى فِي بَنِي عَبْدِ الأَشْهَلِ وَعَلَيْهِ كِسَاءٌ مُتَلَفِّفٌ بِهِ يَضَعُ يَدَيْهِ عَلَيْهِ يَقِيهِ بَرْدَ الْحَصَى .
It was narrated that Anas bin Malik said:
“We used to perform prayer with the Prophet (ﷺ) when it was very hot. When one of us could not place his forehead firmly on the ground, he would spread his garment and prostrate on it.”
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، عَنْ غَالِبٍ الْقَطَّانِ، عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ كُنَّا نُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ فِي شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَقْدِرْ أَحَدُنَا أَنْ يُمَكِّنَ جَبْهَتَهُ بَسَطَ ثَوْبَهُ فَسَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ .
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
“The Tasbih (saying Subhan-Allah) is for men and clapping is for women.”
التَّسْبِيحُ لِلرِّجَالِ وَالتَّصْفِيقُ لِلنِّسَاءِ
It was narrated from Sahl bin Sa’d As-Sa’idi that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
“The Tasbih is for men and clapping is for women.”
التَّسْبِيحُ لِلرِّجَالِ وَالتَّصْفِيقُ لِلنِّسَاءِ
It was narrated that Nafi’ used to say:
“Ibn ‘Umar said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) granted a concession for the women to clap, and for the men to say the Tasbih.”
حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ، وَعُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ رَخَّصَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ لِلنِّسَاءِ فِي التَّصْفِيقِ وَلِلرِّجَالِ فِي التَّسْبِيحِ .
It was narrated that Ibn Abu Aws said:
“My grandfather, Aws, used to perform prayer, and sometimes he would make a gesture while praying, and I would give him his sandals. He said: ‘I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) performing prayer in his sandals.’”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْسٍ، قَالَ كَانَ جَدِّي أَوْسٌ يُصَلِّي فَيُشِيرُ إِلَىَّ وَهُوَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ فَأُعْطِيهِ نَعْلَيْهِ وَيَقُولُ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يُصَلِّي فِي نَعْلَيْهِ .
It was narrated from ‘Amr bin Shu’aib, from his father, that his grandfather said:
“I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) performing prayer both barefoot, and while wearing sandals.”
حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ الصَّوَّافُ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الْمُعَلِّمِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يُصَلِّي حَافِيًا وَمُنْتَعِلاً .
It was narrated that ‘Abdullah said:
“We saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) performing prayer wearing sandals and leather slippers.”
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ لَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يُصَلِّي فِي النَّعْلَيْنِ وَالْخُفَّيْنِ .